Reference Library

A - Ankyloglossia and Breastfeeding

  1. Amir et al, Review of tongue-tie release at a tertiary maternity hospital. Journal Paediatric Child Health 2005 May- Jun;41(5-6):243-5.

  2. Ballard JL, Auer CE, Khoury JC. Ankyloglossia: assessment, incidence, and effect of frenuloplasty on the breastfeeding dyad. Pediatrics. 2002 Nov;110(5)

  3. Berry J et al, A Double-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Trial of Tongue-Tie Division and Its Immediate Effect on BreastfeedingMedicine. July 2012, 7(3): 189-193.

  4. Buryk M, Bloom D, Shope T Efficacy of neonatal release of ankyloglossia: a randomized trial. Pediatrics 2011 Aug;128(2):280-8.NHMRC

  5. Cho Anthony ,When should you treat tongue-tie in a newborn? Journal of Family Practice, 2010 Volume: 59 Issue: 12 Pages: 712a-712b

  6. Coryllos, E. Congenital Tongue Tie and its impact on Breastfeeding, J Human Lactation Summer 2004 pp1-6

  7. Dollberg S, Botzer E, Grunis E, Mimouni FB. Immediate nipple pain relief after frenotomy in breast-fed infants with ankyloglossia: a randomized, prospective study. J Pediatr Surg 2006 Sep;41(9):1598- 600

  8. Edmunds J, Miles SC, Fullbrook P. Tongue- tie and breastfeeding: a review of the literature. Breastfeed Rev. 2011 Mar

  9. Forlenza GP, Paradise Black NM, McNamara EG, Sullivan SE. Ankyloglossia, exclusive breastfeeding, and failure to thrive. Paediatrics 2010 Jun;125(6):e15004.

  10. Geddes DT, Langton DB, Gollow I, Jacobs LA, Hartmann PE, Simmer K, Frenulotomy for breastfeeding infants with ankyloglossia:effect on milk removal and sucking mechanism as imaged by ultrasound. Paediatrics 2008 Jul;122(1):e188-94.

  11. Hogan M, Westcott C, Griffith M. Randomized controlled trial of division of tongue tie in infants with feeding problems. J Pediatr Child Health.2005 May-June; 41.

  12. Ingram, J et al, The development of a tongue assessment tool to assist with tongue-tie identification

  13. Karabulut R et al. Ankyloglossia and effects on breast-feeding, speech problems and mechanical/social issues in children. B-ENT 2008;4(2):81-5.

  14. Khoo AK, Dabbas N, Sudhakaran N, Ade- Ajayi N, Patel S. Nipple pain at presentation predicts success of tongue-tie division for breastfeeding problems. Eur J Pediatr Surg 2009 Dec;19(6):370-3.

  15. Knox, I. Tongue Tie and Frenotomy in breastfeeding. NeoReviews Vol. 11 No. 9 September 1, 2010 pp. e513 -e519

  16. Kotlow, L. SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE: Lasers and Soft Tissue Treatments for the Pediatric Dental, Alpha Omegan, Volume 101, Number 3, pp 140-151

  17. Kotlow, L. The influence of the maxillary frenum on the development and pattern
    of dental caries on anterior teeth in breastfeeding infants: Prevention, diagnosis and treatment. Journal of Human Lactation, 2010; 26(3), 304-308.

  18. Kotlow L. Diagnosis and treatment of ankyloglossia and tied maxillary fraenum in infants using Er:YAG and 1064 diode lasers. Eur Arch Paediatric Dent. 2011 Apr;12(2):106-12.

  19. Kotlow, L, Ankyloglossia (tongue-tie):
    A diagnostic and treatment quandary, Pediatric Dentistry section of Quintessence International 1999; 30:259-262

  20. Notestine GE. The importance of the identification of ankyloglossia (short lingual frenulum) as a cause of breastfeeding problems. J Hum Lact 1990 Sep;6(3):113-5.

  21. Messner AH, Lakakea. The effect of ankyloglossia on speech in children. Otolaryngol Head Neck 2002 Dec;127(6):539-45.

  22. Pang, P et al. Laser Energy in Oral Soft Tissue Applications, Science and Research Committee, Academy of Laser Dentistry, J Laser Dent 2010 18 (3) 121-131

A - Ankyloglossia and Breastfeeding

  1. Amir et al, Review of tongue-tie release at a tertiary maternity hospital. Journal Paediatric Child Health 2005 May- Jun;41(5-6):243-5.

  2. Ballard JL, Auer CE, Khoury JC. Ankyloglossia: assessment, incidence, and effect of frenuloplasty on the breastfeeding dyad. Pediatrics. 2002 Nov;110(5)

  3. Berry J et al, A Double-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Trial of Tongue-Tie Division and Its Immediate Effect on BreastfeedingMedicine. July 2012, 7(3): 189-193.

  4. Buryk M, Bloom D, Shope T Efficacy of neonatal release of ankyloglossia: a randomized trial. Pediatrics 2011 Aug;128(2):280-8.NHMRC

  5. Cho Anthony ,When should you treat tongue-tie in a newborn? Journal of Family Practice, 2010 Volume: 59 Issue: 12 Pages: 712a-712b

  6. Coryllos, E. Congenital Tongue Tie and its impact on Breastfeeding, J Human Lactation Summer 2004 pp1-6

  7. Dollberg S, Botzer E, Grunis E, Mimouni FB. Immediate nipple pain relief after frenotomy in breast-fed infants with ankyloglossia: a randomized, prospective study. J Pediatr Surg 2006 Sep;41(9):1598- 600

  8. Edmunds J, Miles SC, Fullbrook P. Tongue- tie and breastfeeding: a review of the literature. Breastfeed Rev. 2011 Mar

  9. Forlenza GP, Paradise Black NM, McNamara EG, Sullivan SE. Ankyloglossia, exclusive breastfeeding, and failure to thrive. Paediatrics 2010 Jun;125(6):e15004.

  10. Geddes DT, Langton DB, Gollow I, Jacobs LA, Hartmann PE, Simmer K, Frenulotomy for breastfeeding infants with ankyloglossia:effect on milk removal and sucking mechanism as imaged by ultrasound. Paediatrics 2008 Jul;122(1):e188-94.

  11. Hogan M, Westcott C, Griffith M. Randomized controlled trial of division of tongue tie in infants with feeding problems. J Pediatr Child Health.2005 May-June; 41.

  12. Ingram, J et al, The development of a tongue assessment tool to assist with tongue-tie identification

  13. Karabulut R et al. Ankyloglossia and effects on breast-feeding, speech problems and mechanical/social issues in children. B-ENT 2008;4(2):81-5.

  14. Khoo AK, Dabbas N, Sudhakaran N, Ade- Ajayi N, Patel S. Nipple pain at presentation predicts success of tongue-tie division for breastfeeding problems. Eur J Pediatr Surg 2009 Dec;19(6):370-3.

  15. Knox, I. Tongue Tie and Frenotomy in breastfeeding. NeoReviews Vol. 11 No. 9 September 1, 2010 pp. e513 -e519

  16. Kotlow, L. SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE: Lasers and Soft Tissue Treatments for the Pediatric Dental, Alpha Omegan, Volume 101, Number 3, pp 140-151

  17. Kotlow, L. The influence of the maxillary frenum on the development and pattern
    of dental caries on anterior teeth in breastfeeding infants: Prevention, diagnosis and treatment. Journal of Human Lactation, 2010; 26(3), 304-308.

  18. Kotlow L. Diagnosis and treatment of ankyloglossia and tied maxillary fraenum in infants using Er:YAG and 1064 diode lasers. Eur Arch Paediatric Dent. 2011 Apr;12(2):106-12.

  19. Kotlow, L, Ankyloglossia (tongue-tie):
    A diagnostic and treatment quandary, Pediatric Dentistry section of Quintessence International 1999; 30:259-262

  20. Notestine GE. The importance of the identification of ankyloglossia (short lingual frenulum) as a cause of breastfeeding problems. J Hum Lact 1990 Sep;6(3):113-5.

  21. Messner AH, Lakakea. The effect of ankyloglossia on speech in children. Otolaryngol Head Neck 2002 Dec;127(6):539-45.

  22. Pang, P et al. Laser Energy in Oral Soft Tissue Applications, Science and Research Committee, Academy of Laser Dentistry, J Laser Dent 2010 18 (3) 121-131

  23. Pradhan S, Yasmine E, Mehta A. Management of Posterior Ankloglossia using the Er, Cr:YSGG Laser. Int J Laer Dent 2012;2(2):41-46

  24. Srinivasan A, Dobrich C, Mitnick H, Feldman P, Srinivasan A. Ankyloglossia in breastfeeding infants: the effect of frenotomy on maternal nipple pain and latch. Breastfeed Med. 2006 Winter;1(4):216-24.

  25. Tanya et al. Ankyloglossia: Treatment With Surgical Lasers – A Case Report Journal of Dental and Medical Volume 13, Issue 7 Ver. II (July. 2014), PP 61-64

  26. Wiessinger D, Breastfeeding Difficulties as a Result of Tight Lingual and Labial Frena: A Case Report. 2013 Journal Citation Reports® (Thomson Reuters, 2014)

  27. Power RF, Murphy JF Tongue-tie and frenotomy in infants with breastfeeding difficulties: achieving a balance. Arch
    Dis Child. 2015 May;100(5):489-94. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2014-306211. Epub 2014 Nov 7

  28. Ghaheri BA et al. Breastfeeding improvement following tongue-tie and lip-tie release: A prospective cohort study. Laryngoscope. 2016 Sep 19

  29. Srinivasan A, Dobrich C, Mitnich H , Feldman P. Ankyloglossia in breastfeeding infants: the effect of frenotomy on maternal nipple pain and latch. Breastfeeding Medicine. 2006 Winter;1(4):216-24

B – Breastfeeding Benefits

  1. Ueda, T et al, Influence of psychological stress on suckling-induced pulsatile oxytocin release, Obstet Gynecol. 1994 Aug;84(2):259-62.

  2. Victora, Cesar G et al Breastfeeding in the 21st century: epidemiology, mechanisms, and lifelong effect. The Lancet Breastfeeding Series Group, Vol 387 January 30, 2016

  3. NHMRC Infant Feeding Guidelines – Information for Health Workers, National Health and Medical Research Council Research Centre Feeding 2012

  4. Horta BL et al. Evidence on the long-term effects of breastfeeding: systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2007.

  5. Ip S et al , Breastfeeding and maternal and infant health outcomes in developed countries. AHRQ Publication No. 07-E007. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2007.

  6. Peres KG et al, Exclusive breastfeeding and risk of dental malocclusion, Pediatrics, July 2015, Volume 136 Issue 1.

  7. Kramer MS, Kakuma R, Optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding (Systemic Review) 2009, (edited 2009). Cochrane Database

  8. Effect of delivery room routines on success of first breast-feed. Lancet 1990; 336: 1105-07

  9. Goldman AS. The immune system of human milk: antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1993 Aug;12(8):664-71

  10. Slade HB, Schwartz SA. Mucosal immunity: the immunology of breast milk. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1987 Sep;80(3 Pt 1):348-58

  11. Immunology of Milk and the Neonate. Edited by J. Mestecky et al. Plenum Press, 1991.

  12. Breastfeeding and Childhood Leukemia Incidence. A Meta-analysis and Systematic Review. JAMA Pediatr. 2015;169(6):e151025. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2015.1025

  13. Stuebe, Alison, The Risks of Not Breastfeeding for Mothers and Infants, Reviews In Obstetrics & Gynecology, VOL. 2 NO. 4 2009

BB – Breastfeeding Biomechanics

  1. Elad David et al, Biomechanics of milk extraction during breast-feeding, PNAS 2013 Early Edition www.pnas.org/cgi/ doi/10.1073/pnas.1319798111

  2. Ramsay, D. T (GEDDES) et al, Anatomy of the lactating human breast redefined with ultrasound imaging J. Anat.(2005) 206, pp525–534

  3. Geddes DT, Langton DB, Gollow I, Jacobs LA, Hartmann PE, Simmer K, Frenulotomy for breastfeeding infants with ankyloglossia: effect on milk removal and sucking mechanism as imaged by ultrasound. Paediatrics 2008 Jul;122(1):e188-94.

BM – Breastfeeding, Malocclusion & Orofacial development

  1. Peres KG et al, Exclusive breastfeeding and risk of dental malocclusion, Pediatrics, July 2015, Volume 136 Issue 1. pp60-67

  2. Sum et al. Association of breastfeeding and three-dimensional dental arch relationships in primary dentition. BMC Oral Health. 2015; 15: 30.

  3. Victora, Cesar G et al. Breastfeeding
    in the 21st century: epidemiology, mechanisms, and lifelong effect. The Lancet Breastfeeding Series Group, Vol 387 January 30, 2016)

  4. Dezio M et al Tongue-tie, from embryology to treatment: a literature review, Journal of Pediatric and Neonatal Individualized Medicine 2015;4(1):e040101

  5. Karjaleinen et al. Association between early weaning, non-nutritive sucking habits and occlusal anomalies in 3 year old Finnish children. Int J Paediatr Dent. 1999-9: 169-73

  6. Page DC. “Real” early orthodontic treatment from birth to age 8. Funct Orthod. Spring-Summer; (1-2):,56-8 2003; 20:48-54

  7. Peres KG et al, Effect of breastfeeding on malocclusions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Paediatr. 2015 Dec;104(467):54-61.

  8. Silveira et al, Influence of breastfeeding on children’s oral skill, Rev Saúde Pública 2013;47(1)

  9. Bueno S et al, Association of breastfeeding, pacifier use, breathing pattern and malocclusions in pre-schoolers, Dental Press J Orthod. 2013 Jan- Feb; 18(1):30.e1-6

EP – Epigenetics

  1. Bernal AJ, Jirtle RL: Epigenomic disruption: the effects of early developmental exposures. Birth defects research Part A, Clinical and molecular teratology 2010, 88:938-944

  2. Vandenberg LN et al. Hormones and Endcrine-Disrupting Chemicals: Low dose effects and Nonmonotonic Dose Responses, Endocrine Reviews 20123.

  3. Grandjean P, Landrigan PJ: Developmental neurotoxicity of industrial chemicals. Lancet 2006, 368:2167-2178. Ref G - Growth and urgency of treatment

  4. Marks et al. Environmental Health Perspectives, August 2010

G – Growth of Mandible and Maxilla in infancy

  1. Liu, Yi-Ping , Behrents, Rolf G. and Buschang, Peter H. (2010) Mandibular Growth, Remodelling, and Maturation During Infancy and Early Childhood. The Angle Orthodontist: January 2010, Vol. 80, No. 1, pp. 97-105.

  2. Trabalon, M and Schaal, B, It Takes a Mouth to Eat and a Nose to Breathe:Abnormal Oral Respiration Affects Neonates’ Oral Competence and Systemic Adaptation, International Journal of Pediatrics Volume 2012, p1-10

I – Implications of a Descended Tongue Posture & Tongue Dysfunction across a life-span

  1. Cockley, L et al. The Ortho[dontic] missing link. Could it be tied to the tongue? Journal of American Orthodontic Society Winter 2015 p 18-21

  2. Jefferson, Y (DMD, MAGD) Mouth breathing: Adverse effects on facial growth, health, academics, and behavior, General Dentistry January/February 2010

  3. Karahan, S et al. Ankyloglossia in dogs: a morphological and immunohistochemical study. Anat Histo Embryol 2009 Apr;38(2):118- 21.

  4. Kanao, Akira et al. Application of functional orthodontic appliance to treatment of mandibular retrusion syndrome. Japanese Journal of Clinical Dentistry for children 2009 April (Vol.14 No.4)

  5. Karabulut R, et al. Ankyloglossia and effects on breast-feeding, speech problems and mechanical/social issues in children. B ENT 2008;4(2):81-5.

  6. Kieser JA et al. The role of oral soft tissues in swallowing function: what can the tongue pressure tell us? Australian Dental Journal 2014; 59 (1 supp): 155-161

  7. Kotlow, L. The influence of the maxillary frenum on the development and pattern
    of dental caries on anterior teeth in breastfeeding infants: Prevention, diagnosis and treatment. Journal of Human Lactation, 2010; 26(3), 304-308.

  8. Mason and Franklin. Orofacial Myofunctional disorders and Otaryngologists. Otaryngology 2010 Volume 4 Issue 4

  9. Meenakshi, S. Assessment of Lingual Frenulum Lengths in Skeletal Malocclusion, Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2014 Mar, Vol-8(3): 202-204

  10. Northcutt, M The Lingual Fraenum, Journal of Clinical Orthodontics, 2009; Vol 43: No 9, p 557-565

  11. Olivi, G et al, Lingual Frenectomy: functional evaluation and new therapeutical approach, European Journal of Pediatric Dentistry, 2/2012, Vol 13, p 101-106

  12. Thailander, Birgit Thailander et al. Prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need in children and adolescence. European Journal of Orthodontics; Apr 1, 2001; 23, 2; ProQuest Health and Medical Complete, p 155-167

  13. Peng, C. Differential diagnosis between infantile and mature swallowing with ultrasonography European Journal of Orthodontics 25 (2003) 451–456

  14. Schmidt, JE et al. Effects of tongue position on mandibular muscle activity and heart rate function. Journal of Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Patholgoy, Radiology and Endodontics 2009 Dec;108(6):881-8

  15. Scopa, F. Glosso-postural syndrome, Annali di Stomatologia 2005 A journal of Odontostomatologic Sciences; LIV (1): 27-34

  16. Mattar SE et al, Skeletal and occlusal characteristics in mouth-breathing pre-school children, The Journal of clinical pediatric dentistry 2004 February, 28(4):315-8 ·

Literature review on Tongue Ties

  1. Dezio M et al Tongue-tie, from embryology to treatment: a literature review, Journal of Pediatric and Neonatal Individualized Medicine 2015;4(1):e040101

  2. Edmunds J1 et al. Tongue-tie and breastfeeding: a review of the literature. Effects of Tongue Ties on the Mouth Throughout Life. Breastfeed Rev. 2011 Mar;19(1):19-26

  3. Francis, O ,et al Treatment of Ankyloglossia and Breastfeeding Outcomes: A Systematic Review PEDIATRICS Volume 135, number 6, June 2015, pp1459-146

Maxillary (Upper) lip ties, aerophagia and breastfeeding

  1. Chitkara DK, et al . Aerophagia in children: characterization of a functional gastrointestinal disorder. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2005;17(4):518-522

  2. Kotlow, L. Infant Reflux and Aerophagia Associated with the Maxillary Lip-tie and Ankyloglossia. Clinical Lactation, 2011 Vol. 2-4, 25-29

  3. Kotlow L. Infant Gastroesophageal Reflux (GER-Benign Infant Acid Reflux) or just Plain Aerophagia? International Journal of Child Health and Nutrition. 2016;5.

  4. Siegel, S, Aerophagia Induced Reflux in Breastfeeding Infants With Ankyloglossia and Shortened Maxillary Labial Frenula Int J Clin Pediatr. 2016;5(1):6-8

  5. Siegel S. Aerophagia Induced Reflux Associated with Lip and Tongue Tiein Breastfeeding Infants. J Pediatrics. 2016;137(supplement 3).

  6. Ghaheri BA et al. Breastfeeding improvement following tongue-tie and lip-tie release: A prospective cohort study. Laryngoscope. 2016 Sep 19

  7. Malchodi, Laura et al, Early Antacid Exposure Increases Fracture Risk in Young Children. Paper presented at Pediatric Academic Societies Meeting May 2017. At the time of compiling this list, it has not yet reached publication. Links : https://registration.pas- meeting.org/2017/reports/rptPAS17_abstract.asp?abstract_final_id=2305.4 AND https:// www.sciencenews.org/blog/growth-curve/ drugs-reflux-disease-infants-may-come- unintended-consequences?mode=blog&cont ext=114

Pacifier Use

  1. Warren J et al, Pacifier use and the occurrence of otitis media in the first year of life, Pediatric Dentistry – 23:2, 2001, pp 103-107

  2. Bueno S et al, Association of breastfeeding, pacifier use, breathing pattern and malocclusions in pre-schoolers, Dental Press J Orthod. 2013 Jan- Feb; 18(1):30.e1-6

  3. Silveira et al, Influence of breastfeeding on children’s oral skill, Rev Saúde Pública 2013;47(1)

  4. Peres KG et al, Exclusive breastfeeding and risk of dental malocclusion, Pediatrics, July 2015, Volume 136 Issue 1.

Postural implications of Tongue Ties and mouth breathing

  1. Dezio M et al Tongue-tie, from embryology to treatment: a literature review, Journal of Pediatric and Neonatal Individualized Medicine 2015;4(1):e040101

  2. Olivi, G et al, Lingual Frenectomy: functional evaluation and new therapeutical approach, European Journal of Pediatric Dentistry, 2/2012, Vol 13, p 101-106

  3. Scopa, F. Glosso-postural syndrome, Annali di Stomatologia 2005 (A journal of Odontostomatologic Sciences); LIV (1): 27- 34

  4. Michelotti A, Manzo P, Farella M, Martina R. [Occlusion and posture: is there evidence of correlation?]. [Article in Italian]. Minerva Stomatol. 1999;48(11):525-34.

  5. Cuccia A, Caradonna C. The relationship between the stomatognathic system and body posture. Clinics. 2009;64(1):61-6.

  6. Dezio M, Piras A, Gallottini L, Denotti G. Tongue-tie, from embriology to treatment: a literature review. J Pediatr Neonat Individual Med. 2015;4(1):e040101. doi: 10.7363/040101.

  7. Janda V. Muscle Function Testing. London: Butterworth, 1983.

  8. Lopez D. Assessing the Effects of Tongue- Tie: Osteopathic Considerations, 2015. http://www.osteopathyny.com/assess- impact-tongue-tie-patients-osteopathic- considerations/

  9. Page P, Frank CC, Lardner R. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 2010, 312 http://www. jandacrossedsyndromes.com/

Speech and Language development

  1. Fernando, Carmen. Tongue Tie – From Confusion to Clarity. A guide to the diagnosis and treatment of Ankyloglossia. Tandem Publications 1998 and 2016.

  2. Bruderer, Alison et al. Sensorimotor influences on speech perception in infancy Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 112(44), 13531- 13536.

  3. Karabulut R et al. Ankyloglossia and effects on breast-feeding, speech problems and mechanical/social issues in children. B-ENT 2008;4(2):81-5

  4. Messener AH, Lakakea. The effect of ankyloglossia on speech in children. Otolaryngol Head Neck 2002 Dec;127(6):539-45.

  5. Walls, A. , Pierce, M., Wang, H., Steehler, A., Steehler, M., & Harley, E. H., Jr. (2014). Parental perception of speech and tongue mobility in three-year olds after neonatal frenotomy. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol, 2014 , 78(1), 128-131.

Chiropractics and Breastfeeding

  1. Alcantara J, Anderson R. Chiropractic care of a pediatric patient with symptoms associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease, fuss-cry-irritability with sleep disorder syndrome and irritable infant syndrome of musculoskeletal origin. J Can Chirop Assoc. 2008 Dec;52(4):248-55.

  2. Alcantara J1, Alcantara JD, Alcantara J. The chiropractic care of infants with colic: a systematic review of the literature. Explore (NY) 2011 May-Jun;7(3):168-74. doi: 10.1016/j.explore.2011.02.00.

  3. Gleberzon BJ1, Arts J, Mei A, McManus EL. The use of spinal manipulative therapy for pediatric health conditions: a systematic review of the literature. J Can Chiropr Ass. 2012 Jun;56(2):128-41.

  4. Holleman AC, Nee J, Knaap SF. Chiropractic management of breast-feeding difficulties: a case report. J Chirop Med. 2011 Sep;10(3):199-203. doi: 10.1016/j. jcm.2011.01.010. Epub 2011 Aug 9.

  5. Marchand AM1, Miller JE, Mitchell C. Diagnosis and chiropractic treatment of infant headache based on behavioral presentation and physical findings: a retrospective series of 13 casesJ Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2009 Oct; 32(8):682-6. doi: 10.1016/j. jmpt.2009.08.026.

  6. Miller JE1, Miller L, Sulesund AK, Yevtushenko A. Contribution of chiropractic therapy to resolving suboptimal breastfeeding: a case series of 114 infants. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2009 Oct;32(8):670-4. doi: 10.1016/j. jmpt.2009.08.023.

  7. Miller JE1, Newell D, Bolton JE. Efficacy of chiropractic manual therapy on infant colic: a pragmatic single-blind, randomized controlled trial. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2012 Oct; 35 (8) : 6007

  8. Tow J , Vallone S. Development of an Integrative Relationship in the Care of the Breastfeeding Newborn: Lactation Consultant and Chiropractor. Journal of Clinical Chiropractic Pediatrics Volume 10, No. 1, June 2009 626-632

  9. Van Poecke AJ1, Cunliffe C. Chiropractic treatment for primary nocturnal enuresis: a case series of 33 consecutive patients. Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2009 Oct;32(8):675-81. doi: 10.1016/j. jmpt.2009.08.019.